Physics Nobel Prize – List of Nobel Prize Winners in Physics

by Spider FF May 19, 2017, 1:34 am 29k Views 0 Comments

Physics Nobel Prize – The Physics Nobel Prize has been awarded 109 times to 201 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2015. John Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and 1972. This means that a total of 200 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Physics Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded 109 times to 201 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2015. John Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and 1972. This means that a total of 200 individuals have received the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Physics Nobel Prize

Type – Nobel Prizes in Physics

Category – International

First Awarded – 1901

Last Awarded – 2015

Official Website – http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/

Laureates

Year	Laureate	Country	Description
2015	Takaaki Kajita	Japan	“for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass.”
2015	Arthur B. McDonald	Canada
2014	Isamu Akasaki	Japan	“for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources”
	Hiroshi Amano	Japan
	Shuji Nakamura	Japan/United States
2013	François Englert	Belgium	“for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider”
2013	Peter W. Higgs	United Kingdom
2012	Serge Haroche	France	“for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems”
2012	David J. Wineland	United States
2011	Saul Perlmutter	United States	“for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae”
	Brian P. Schmidt	Australia/United States
	Adam G. Riess	United States
2010	Andre Geim	Russia/Netherlands	“for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene”
2010	Konstantin Novoselov	Russia/United Kingdom
2009	Charles Kuen Kao	Hong Kong/United Kingdom/United States	“for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication”
	Willard S. Boyle	Canada/United States	“for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor”
	George E. Smith	United States
2008	Yoichiro Nambu	Japan/United States	“for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics”
	Makoto Kobayashi	Japan	“for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature”
	Toshihide Maskawa	Japan
2007	Albert Fert	France	“for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance”
2007	Peter Grünber	Germany	“for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance”
2006	John C. Mather	United States	“for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation”
2006	George F. Smoot	United States
2005	Roy J. Glauber	United States	“for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence”
	John L. Hall	United States	“for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique”
	Theodor W. Hänsch	Germany
2004	David J. Gross	United States	“for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction”
	H. David Politzer	United States
	Frank Wilczek	United States
2003	Alexei A. Abrikosov	Russia	“for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids”
	Vitaly L. Ginzburg	Russia
	Anthony J. Leggett	United Kingdom / United States
2002	Raymond Davis Jr.	United States	“for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos”
	Masatoshi Koshiba	Japan
	Riccardo Giacconi	Italy/United States	“for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources”
2001	Eric A. Cornell	United States	“for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates”
	Wolfgang Ketterle	Germany
	Carl E. Wieman	United States
2000	Zhores I. Alferov	Russia	“for basic work on information and communication technology” […]”for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and opto-electronics”
	Herbert Kroemer	Germany
	Jack S. Kilby	United States	“for basic work on information and communication technology” […]”for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit”
1999	Gerardus ‘t Hooft	Netherlands	“for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics”
1999	Martinus J.G. Veltman	Netherlands
1998	Robert B. Laughlin	United States	“for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations”
	Horst L. Störmer	Germany
	Daniel C. Tsui	United States
1997	Steven Chu	United States	“for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light”
	Claude Cohen-Tannoudji	France
	William D. Phillips	United States
1996	David M. Lee	United States	“for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3”
	Douglas D. Osheroff	United States
	Robert C. Richardson	United States
1995	Martin L. Perl	United States	“for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics” […]”for the discovery of the tau lepton”
1995	Frederick Reines	United States	“for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics” […]”for the detection of the neutrino”
1994	Bertram N. Brockhouse	Canada	“for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter” […] “for the development of neutron spectroscopy”
1994	Clifford G. Shull	United States	“for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter” […]”for the development of the neutron diffraction technique”
1993	Russell A. Hulse	United States	“for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation”
1993	Joseph H. Taylor Jr.	United States
1992	Georges Charpak	France/Poland	“for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber”
1991	Pierre-Gilles de Gennes	France	“for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers”
1990	Jerome I. Friedman	United States	“for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics”
	Henry W. Kendall	United States
	Richard E. Taylor	Canada
1989	Norman F. Ramsey	United States	“for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks”
	Hans G. Dehmelt	United States	“for the development of the ion trap technique”
	Wolfgang Paul	West Germany	“for the development of the ion trap technique”
1988	Leon M. Lederman	United States	“for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino”
	Melvin Schwartz	United States
	Jack Steinberger	United States
1987	J. Georg Bednorz	West Germany	“for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials”
1987	K. Alexander Müller	Switzerland
1986	Ernst Ruska	West Germany	“for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope”
	Gerd Binnig	West Germany	“for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope”
	Heinrich Rohrer	Switzerland	“for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope”
1985	Klaus von Klitzing	West Germany	“for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect”
1984	Carlo Rubbia	Italy	“for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction”
1984	Simon van der Meer	Netherlands
1983	Subramanyan Chandrasekhar	United States/India	“for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars”
1983	William Alfred Fowler	United States	“for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe”
1982	Kenneth G. Wilson	United States	“for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions”
1981	Nicolaas Bloembergen	United States	“for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy”
	Arthur Leonard Schawlow	United States
	Kai M. Siegbahn	Sweden	“for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy”
1980	James Watson Cronin	United States	“for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons”
1980	Val Logsdon Fitch	United States
1979	Sheldon Lee Glashow	United States	“for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current”
	Abdus Salam	Pakistan
	Steven Weinberg	United States
1978	Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa	Soviet Union	“for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics”
	Arno Allan Penzias	United States	“for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation”
	Robert Woodrow Wilson	United States
1977	Philip Warren Anderson	United States	“for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems”
	Sir Nevill Francis Mott	United Kingdom
	John Hasbrouck van Vleck	United States
1976	Burton Richter	United States	“for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind”
1976	Samuel Chao Chung Ting	United States
1975	Aage Niels Bohr	Denmark	“for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection”
	Ben Roy Mottelson	Denmark
	Leo James Rainwater	United States
1974	Sir Martin Ryle	United Kingdom	“for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars”
1974	Antony Hewish	United kingdom
1973	Leo Esaki	Japan	“for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively”
	Ivar Giaever	United States/Norway
	Brian David Josephson	United Kingdom	“for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects”
1972	John Bardeen	United States	“for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory”
	Leon Neil Cooper	United States
	John Robert Schrieffer	United States
1971	Dennis Gabor	Hungary / United Kingdom	“for his invention and development of the holographic method”
1970	Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén	Sweden	“for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics”
1970	Louis Eugène Félix Néel	France	“for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics”
1969	Murray Gell-Mann	United States	“for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions”
1968	Luis Walter Alvarez	United States	“for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis”
1967	Hans Albrecht Bethe	United States	“for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars”
1966	Alfred Kastler	France	“for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms”
1965	Sin-Itiro Tomonaga	Japan	“for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles”
	Julian Schwinger	United States
	Richard P. Feynman	United States
1964	Charles Hard Townes	United States	“for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle”
	Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov	Soviet Union
	Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov	Soviet Union
1963	Eugene Paul Wigner	Hungary/United States	“for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles”
	Maria Goeppert Mayer	United States	“for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure”
	J. Hans D. Jensen	West Germany	“for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure”
1962	Lev Davidovich Landau	Soviet Union	“for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium”
1961	Robert Hofstadter	United States	“for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons”
1961	Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer	West Germany	“for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name”
1960	Donald Arthur Glaser	United States	“for the invention of the bubble chamber”
1959	Emilio Gino Segrè	Italy / United States	“for their discovery of the antiproton”
1959	Owen Chamberlain	United States	“for their discovery of the antiproton”
1958	Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov	Soviet Union	“for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect”
	Ilya Frank	Soviet Union
	Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm	Soviet Union
1957	Chen Ning Yang	China / United States	“for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles”
1957	Tsung-Dao (T.D.) Lee	China / United States
1956	William Bradford Shockley	United States	“for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect”
	John Bardeen	United States
	Walter Houser Brattain	United States
1955	Willis Eugene Lamb	United States	“for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum”
1955	Polykarp Kusch	United States	“for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron”
1954	Max Born	Germany / United Kingdom	“for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wave function”
1954	Walther Bothe	West Germany	“for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith”
1953	Frits (Frederik) Zernike	Netherlands	“for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope”
1952	Felix Bloch	Switzerland/United States	“for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith”
1952	Edward Mills Purcell	United States
1951	Sir John Douglas Cockcroft	United Kingdom	“for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles”
1951	Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton	Ireland
1950	Cecil Frank Powell	United Kingdom	“for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method”
1949	Hideki Yukawa	Japan	“for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces”
1948	Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett	United Kingdom	“for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation”
1947	Sir Edward Victor Appleton	United Kingdom	“for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer”
1946	Percy Williams Bridgman	United States	“for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made therewith in the field of high pressure physics”
1945	Wolfgang Pauli	Austria	“for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli Principle”
1944	Isidor Isaac Rabi	United States	“for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei”
1943	Otto Stern	United States	“for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton”
1942	No Nobel Prize was awarded this year.
1941
1940
1939	Ernest Orlando Lawrence	United States	“for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements”
1938	Enrico Fermi	Italy	“for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons”
1937	Clinton Joseph Davisson	United States	for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals”
1937	George Paget Thomson	United Kingdom
1936	Victor Franz Hess	Austria	“for his discovery of cosmic radiation”
1936	Carl David Anderson	United States	“for his discovery of the positron”
1935	James Chadwick	United Kingdom	“for the discovery of the neutron”
1934	No Nobel Prize was awarded this year.
1933	Erwin Schrödinger	Austria	“for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory”
1933	Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac	United Kingdom
1932	Werner Karl Heisenberg	Germany	“for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen”
1931	No Nobel Prize was awarded this year.
1930	Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman	India	“for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him”
1929	Prince Louis-Victor Pierre Raymond de Broglie	France	“for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons”
1928	Owen Willans Richardson	United Kingdom	“for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him”
1927	Arthur Holly Compton	United States	“for his discovery of the effect named after him”
1927	Charles Thomson Rees Wilson	United Kingdom	“for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour”
1926	Jean Baptiste Perrin	France	“for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium”
1925	James Franck	Germany	“for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom”
1925	Gustav Ludwig Hertz	Germany
1924	Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn	Sweden	“for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy”
1923	Robert Andrews Millikan	United States	“for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect”
1922	Niels Henrik David Bohr	Denmark	“for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them”
1921	Albert Einstein	Germany / Switzerland	“for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect”
1920	Charles Edouard Guillaume	Switzerland	“in recognition of the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys”
1919	Johannes Stark	Germany	“for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields”
1918	Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck	Germany	“in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta”
1917	Charles Glover Barkla	United Kingdom	“for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements”
1916	No Nobel Prize was awarded this year.
1915	Sir William Henry Bragg	United Kingdom	“for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays”
1915	William Lawrence Bragg	Australia / United Kingdom
1914	Max von Laue	Germany	“for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals”
1913	Heike Kamerlingh Onnes	Netherlands	“for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium”
1912	Nils Gustaf Dalén	Sweden	“for his invention of automatic regulators for use in conjunction with gas accumulators for illuminating lighthouses and buoys”
1911	Wilhelm Wien	Germany	“for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat”
1910	Johannes Diderik van der Waals	Netherlands	“for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids”
1909	Guglielmo Marconi	Italy	“in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy”
1909	Karl Ferdinand Braun	Germany
1908	Gabriel Lippmann	France	“for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference”
1907	Albert Abraham Michelson	United States	“for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid”
1906	Joseph John Thomson	United Kingdom	“in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases”
1905	Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard	Austria / Hungary / Germany	“for his work on cathode rays”
1904	Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt)	United Kingdom	“for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies”
1903	Antoine Henri Becquerel	France	“in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity”
	Pierre Curie	France	“in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel”
	Marie Curie, née Sklodowska	Poland / France
1902	Hendrik Antoon Lorentz	Netherlands	“in recognition of the extraordinary they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena”
1902	Pieter Zeeman	Netherlands
1901	Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen	Germany	“in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him”